Charlotte Water

The Division of Water Resources (DWR) provides the data contained within this Local Water Supply Plan (LWSP) as a courtesy and service to our customers. DWR staff does not field verify data. Neither DWR, nor any other party involved in the preparation of this LWSP attests that the data is completely free of errors and omissions. Furthermore, data users are cautioned that LWSPs labeled PROVISIONAL have yet to be reviewed by DWR staff. Subsequent review may result in significant revision. Questions regarding the accuracy or limitations of usage of this data should be directed to the water system and/or DWR.

1. System Information

Contact Information

Complete

Water System Name: Charlotte Water   PWSID: 01-60-010
Mailing Address:5100 Brookshire Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28216
Ownership:County
 
Contact Person:Charles ThachTitle:Engineering Project Coordinator
Phone:980-346-2713Cell/Mobile:--
 
Secondary Contact:Bhavana Swayampakala Phone:980-240-8801
Mailing Address:5100 Brookshire Blvd.
Charlotte, NC 28216
Cell/Mobile:--
Distribution System
Line Type Size Range (Inches) Estimated % of lines
Asbestos Cement 3-10 0.97 %
Cast Iron 1-42 21.49 %
Ductile Iron 1-66 21.60 %
Galvanized Iron 3/4-6 2.20 %
Other 1-96 1.52 %
Polyvinyl Chloride 1-24 52.22 %
What are the estimated total miles of distribution system lines?   4,620 Miles
How many feet of distribution lines were replaced during 2024?   38,642 Feet
How many feet of new water mains were added during 2024?   269,080 Feet
How many meters were replaced in 2024?   694
How old are the oldest meters in this system?   42 Year(s)
How many meters for outdoor water use, such as irrigation, are not billed for sewer services?   19,981
What is this system's finished water storage capacity?   108.8000 Million Gallons
Has water pressure been inadequate in any part of the system since last update? Line breaks that were repaired quickly should not be included.   No

Meters for outdoor water use include active and inactive accounts for lawn irrigation, smart-metering irrigation, and swimming pools.

Programs
Does this system have a program to work or flush hydrants?   Yes, Weekly
Does this system have a valve exercise program?   Yes, Annually
Does this system have a cross-connection program?   Yes
Does this system have a program to replace meters?   Yes
Does this system have a plumbing retrofit program?   Yes
Does this system have an active water conservation public education program?   Yes
Does this system have a leak detection program?   Yes

-Select hydrants are flushed by either manual operation or by automatic flushing devices located throughout the system as needed to maintain water quality. In addition, all hydrants are inspected/flushed at a minimum of every 2 years by the City of Charlotte and Mecklenburg County Fire Departments.
-Valve exercise program is conducted on a continuous basis. Annual operation is targeted with an emphasis on 12-inch and larger valves.
-Locating and repairing large leaks is a derivative of the objectives set forth in the Revenue Recovery Program. Existing master meters have been calibrated and new meters have been installed to monitor consumption by pressure zone to help identify potential water losses by regional service area. In addition a pilot test is underway that will include the field installation of leak detection devices, a study of information collected, and evaluation of their potential cost effectiveness as an additional tool to support Charlotte Water's water loss control efforts.

Water Conservation
What type of rate structure is used?   Increasing Block
How much reclaimed water does this system use?   0.0032 MGD   For how many connections?   2
Does this system have an interconnection with another system capable of providing water in an emergency?   Yes

'The Mallard Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant reclamation line is currently active and was in use for the months of November and December.

2. Water Use Information

Service Area
Sub-Basin(s)% of Service Population
Catawba River (03-1)82 %
Rocky River (18-4)18 %
County(s)% of Service Population
Mecklenburg100 %
What was the year-round population served in 2024?   1,163,701
Has this system acquired another system since last report?   No
Water Use by Type
Type of Use Metered
Connections
Metered
Average Use (MGD)
Non-Metered
Connections
Non-Metered
Estimated Use (MGD)
Residential 306,822 67.9891 0 0.0000
Commercial 25,592 21.9230 0 0.0000
Industrial 308 2.9210 0 0.0000
Institutional 2,477 5.9313 0 0.0000

How much water was used for system processes (backwash, line cleaning, flushing, etc.)?   10.8386 MGD

"Metered connections are based on the number of active and inactive connections at the time of query. Average meter use is based on active account usage at the time of query for calendar year 2024. Residential meters include separate outdoor irrigation accounts. Commercial connections include outdoor irrigation accounts.

System water was calculated as summation of estimated water losses associated with hydrant flushing, auto-flushers, and water main projects along with the difference between water withdraws from Mt. Island Lake and Lake Norman and the actual treated water pumped by the three water treatment plants (Franklin, Lee Dukes, and Vest). The difference takes into account evaporative losses, treatment of filter process water, and plant maintenance water, among others. Value excludes any water returned under NPDES permits."

Water Sales
Purchaser PWSID Average
Daily Sold
(MGD)
Days
Used
Contract Required to
comply with water
use restrictions?
Pipe Size(s)
(Inches)
Use
Type
MGD Expiration Recurring
Concord 01-13-010 0.2082 3 5.0000 Yes Yes 12/16 Regular
Lancaster Co. 00-00-000 0.1913 366 3.0000 2097 Yes Yes 16 Regular
Town of Harrisburg 01-13-025 0.1220 366 Yes Yes 8/12 Regular
Union Co 01-90-413 0.0000 30 0.5000 Yes Yes 12 Emergency
York County, South Carolina 00-00-000 0.1589 366 5.0000 Yes 8 Regular

The Concord Water Supply Agreement is on a 5-year auto renewal contract. Both parties agree to provide the other a total maximum of 5 million gallons of water per day (MGD). The Harrisburg Water Supply Agreement has no stated volume limit and no term as they are treated as any other Charlotte Water customer. The Union County Water Supply Agreement requires a written termination request.
The Lancaster Sale of Water Agreement agrees that the point of sale for treated water will not exceed an amount of 3 MGD based on a 90 day running average of usage. This agreement has no expiration date.
Charlotte Water may provide water service to private systems and separate regulated utilities such as Aqua NC, Inc, Carolina Water Service, etc. No contracts exists between the City of Charlotte and these utilities. Service is provided to these public water systems in the same manner that service is provided to other Charlotte Water customers.
The consumption for Union County was spread through 30 days of usage. The total amount is 515 Gallons so the value is not significant enough to be reflected in MGD in the table shown above.

3. Water Supply Sources

Monthly Withdrawals & Purchases
Average Daily
Use (MGD)
Max Day
Use (MGD)
Average Daily
Use (MGD)
Max Day
Use (MGD)
Average Daily
Use (MGD)
Max Day
Use (MGD)
Jan 110.4020 132.8530 May 124.4048 142.8040 Sep 138.1848 157.3990
Feb 106.6560 139.1200 Jun 145.4232 167.3890 Oct 142.5424 149.0080
Mar 106.4090 129.8900 Jul 143.8839 171.2333 Nov 124.3320 144.1420
Apr 113.1110 128.9520 Aug 137.3549 162.7492 Dec 115.2216 128.6010

Surface Water Sources
Stream Reservoir Average Daily Withdrawal Maximum Day
Withdrawal (MGD)
Available Raw
Water Supply
Usable On-Stream
Raw Water Supply
Storage (MG)
MGD Days Used MGD * Qualifier
Catawba River Lake Norman 18.2180 366 0.0000 108.0000 C 0.0000
Catawba River Mt. Island Lake 107.4428 366 0.0000 163.0000 T 0.0000

* Qualifier: C=Contract Amount, SY20=20-year Safe Yield, SY50=50-year Safe Yield, F=20% of 7Q10 or other instream flow requirement, CUA=Capacity Use Area Permit

Surface Water Sources (continued)
Stream Reservoir Drainage Area
(sq mi)
Metered? Sub-Basin County Year
Offline
Use
Type
Catawba River Lake Norman 1,790 Yes Catawba River (03-1) Mecklenburg Regular
Catawba River Mt. Island Lake 1,860 Yes Catawba River (03-1) Mecklenburg Regular
What is this system's off-stream raw water supply storage capacity?   500 Million gallons
Are surface water sources monitored?   Yes, Monthly
Are you required to maintain minimum flows downstream of its intake or dam?   Yes
Does this system anticipate transferring surface water between river basins?   Yes

Available Raw Water Supply amounts are based on combination of treatment and pumping capacities along with FERC withdrawal authorizations. The current FERC authorization with Lake Norman granted construction of an 108 MGD water intake facility. This intake is currently serving the Lee
Dukes WTP with a permitted treatment capacity of 25.25 MGD. The current FERC authorization for withdrawing from Mountain Island Lake stipulates an instantaneous rate of 330 MGD, while maintaining an average annual withdrawal limit of 163 MGD.
Charlotte Water currently has a 33.0 MGD Maximum Day IBT to transfer water from the Catawba River to the Rocky River basin.

Water Purchases From Other Systems
Seller PWSID Average
Daily Purchased
(MGD)
Days
Used
Contract Required to
comply with water
use restrictions?
Pipe Size(s)
(Inches)
Use
Type
MGD Expiration Recurring
City of Concord 01-13-010 0.0000 0 1.0000 Yes Yes 12 Regular
Water Treatment Plants
Plant Name Permitted Capacity
(MGD)
Is Raw Water Metered? Is Finished Water Ouput Metered? Source
Franklin WTP 181.0000 Yes Yes Catawba (Mt. Island Lake)
Lee S. Dukes WTP 25.2500 Yes Yes Catawba (Lake Norman)
Vest WTP 24.0000 Yes Yes Catawba (Mt. Island Lake)
Did average daily water production exceed 80% of approved plant capacity for five consecutive days during 2024?  No
     If yes, was any water conservation implemented?  
Did average daily water production exceed 90% of approved plant capacity for five consecutive days during 2024?  No
     If yes, was any water conservation implemented?  
Are peak day demands expected to exceed the water treatment plant capacity in the next 10 years?  No

Charlotte Water contracted with Black and Veatch to conduct the 2015 Water Distribution System Master Plan. The Plan forecasts demands and capacity needs into 2040. One outcome from this evaluation is an expansion of our Lee S. Dukes WTP by 25 MGD. This increase will be covered under our current FERC permitting for a 108 MGD intake currently on Lake Norman.

4. Wastewater Information

Monthly Discharges
Average Daily
Discharge (MGD)
Average Daily
Discharge (MGD)
Average Daily
Discharge (MGD)
Jan 110.2931 May 97.1726 Sep 102.4869
Feb 89.7695 Jun 84.7718 Oct 88.0070
Mar 100.9395 Jul 87.8844 Nov 85.2241
Apr 88.5631 Aug 99.3219 Dec 89.8935

How many sewer connections does this system have?   288,613
How many water service connections with septic systems does this system have?   12,144
Are there plans to build or expand wastewater treatment facilities in the next 10 years?   Yes

Stowe Regional Water Resource Recovery Facility (Long Creek WWTP in 2018 report) is currently under construction, permitted as a 15 MGD treatment facility and is anticipated to be on-line in 2027.

Water service connections with septic systems estimated as number of accounts for domestic-use connections without associated sewer accounts. These counts exclude wholesale, fire line, swimming pool, and irrigation connections.

Wastewater Permits
Permit Number Type Permitted Capacity
(MGD)
Design Capacity
(MGD)
Average Annual
Daily Discharge
(MGD)
Maximum Day Discharge
(MGD)
Receiving Stream Receiving Basin
NC0024937 WWTP 20.0000 20.0000 16.1000 29.4000 Little Sugar Creek Catawba River (03-1)
NC0024945 WWTP 15.0000 15.0000 13.4000 28.0000 Irwin Creek Catawba River (03-1)
NC0024970 WWTP 64.0000 64.0000 42.6000 102.3000 McAlpine Creek Catawba River (03-1)
NC0030210 WWTP 13.1000 13.1000 10.5000 24.4000 Mallard Creek Rocky River (18-4)
NC0036277 WWTP 12.0000 12.0000 6.0000 14.4000 McDowell Creek Catawba River (03-1)
NC0065749 WWTP 0.1000 0.1000 0.0531 0.1000 Duck Creek Rocky River (18-4)
Wastewater Interconnections
Water System PWSID Type Average Daily Amount Contract
Maximum (MGD)
MGD Days Used
WSACC 01-13-020 Discharging 5.0570 366 7.4000
Union County 01-90-413 Receiving 2.0797 366 3.0000

5. Planning

Projections
  2024 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070
Year-Round Population 1,163,701 1,305,431 1,564,989 1,784,088 2,033,860 2,318,601
Seasonal Population 0 0 0 0 0 0
 
Residential 67.9891 75.3530 97.0700 113.9970 127.5510 142.5710
Commercial 21.9230 22.2672 22.8530 23.4542 24.0712 24.7044
Industrial 2.9210 3.4615 4.5936 6.0959 8.0896 10.7353
Institutional 5.9313 6.2440 6.8022 7.4104 8.0729 8.7947
System Process 10.8386 11.7780 14.4110 16.5660 18.4130 20.5000
Unaccounted-for 15.5839 16.9950 20.7942 23.9040 26.5686 29.5805

-Based on the 2019-2023 US Census Bureau data for Mecklenburg County, the average household size is 2.45.
-2020 - 2040 service populations are based on Charlotte Regional Transportation Planning Organization (CRTPO) Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) based population increases. All population growth was assumed to be served by Charlotte Water.
-2060 and 2070 service populations are assumed to be steady 1.4% population growth from CRTPO projections.
For Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional growth, recent studies from the past 10 years worth of data was used to calculate the percentage increase for 2030-2070.
-The per capita residential demand is based on an observed average consumption of 55 gcpd (2019 - 2024) assuming we serve 100% of the population within the county. City Planning is assuming 85-90% of the population is served so 61 gcpd is used for these projections.
-Remaining, non-residential demand was assumed to grow at the same rate as population.

Demand v/s Percent of Supply
  2024 2030 2040 2050 2060 2070
Surface Water Supply 271.0000 271.0000 271.0000 271.0000 271.0000 271.0000
Ground Water Supply 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Purchases 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
Future Supplies 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total Available Supply (MGD) 272.0000 272.0000 272.0000 272.0000 272.0000 272.0000
Service Area Demand 125.1869 136.0987 166.5240 191.4275 212.7663 236.8859
Sales 0.4739 13.1220 13.1220 13.1220 13.1220 13.1220
Future Sales 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
Total Demand (MGD) 125.6608 149.2207 179.6460 204.5495 225.8883 250.0079
Demand as Percent of Supply 46% 55% 66% 75% 83% 92%

The purpose of the above chart is to show a general indication of how the long-term per capita water demand changes over time. The per capita water demand may actually be different than indicated due to seasonal populations and the accuracy of data submitted. Water systems that have calculated long-term per capita water demand based on a methodology that produces different results may submit their information in the notes field.

Your long-term water demand is 58 gallons per capita per day. What demand management practices do you plan to implement to reduce the per capita water demand (i.e. conduct regular water audits, implement a plumbing retrofit program, employ practices such as rainwater harvesting or reclaimed water)? If these practices are covered elsewhere in your plan, indicate where the practices are discussed here.    

Are there other demand management practices you will implement to reduce your future supply needs?   Charlotte Water strives to reduce per capita demand through public education, an increasing block rate structure, non-revenue water audits, meter replacement program and a plumbing retrofit program. Additionally, the utility is actively participating in the Partnership for Safe Water Distribution System optimization Program and the non-Revenue Water and Loss Mitigation Program as prescribed in the AWWA M36 Manual. Future per capita demands will be evaluated annually and addressed through various programs or technologies. Charlotte Water is currently evaluating the reuse availability to large customers within the service area. Irrigation rates start at tier 3 as a price signal for usages and is annually reviewed to determine the appropriateness of these rates.

What supplies other than the ones listed in future supplies are being considered to meet your future supply needs?   Charlotte Water contracted with Black and Veatch to conduct the 2023 Water Distribution System Master Plan. It includes a 2040 Comprehensive Plan which serves as a framework for future development based on the demand growth of the Charlotte Water Distribution System and existing infrastructure and treatment capacity.

How does the water system intend to implement the demand management and supply planning components above?   

Additional Information

Has this system participated in regional water supply or water use planning?  Yes, Yes, Charlotte Water is a founding member of the Catawba-Wateree Water Management Group (CWWMG). CWWMG is the recognized planning organization for the 4,750 square miles that drain into the Catawba and Wateree rivers, providing water to neighbors from Morganton, NC to Camden, SC. This group is currently working with a consultant on a 10-year update to the Water Supply Master Plan (WSMP) now known as the Integrated Water Resources Plan (IWRP).

What major water supply reports or studies were used for planning?  The original WSMP completed by the CWWMG in 2015 concluded that the supply for the entire Catawba River Basin was sustainable through 2065. Results of several initiatives covering long-term planning for water supply, demand and drought management, and climate change are being integrated throughout the IWRP process. A Stakeholder Advisory Team has also been established to evaluate interim plan products and recommend enhancements.

Please describe any other needs or issues regarding your water supply sources, any water system deficiencies or needed improvements (storage, treatment, etc.) or your ability to meet present and future water needs. Include both quantity and quality considerations, as well as financial, technical, managerial, permitting, and compliance issues:   The CWWMG's IWRP that will be completed in 2025 will identify any strategies needed to extend the water supply availability for the basin beyond current forecasts. Charlotte Water contracted with Black and Veatch to conduct the 2023 Water Distribution System Master Plan. The Master Plan study is still ongoing and will provide recommendations on infrastructure and water supplies to improve the water system and forecasts demands and capacity needs into 2050.

In 2024, Charlotte Water provided a “Notice of Intent” to begin modifying its current Interbasin Transfer (IBT) certification due to the transfer that occurs via service delivery to customers in the Rocky River basin portion of Mecklenburg County. Currently, Charlotte Water is hosting a series of stakeholder advisory group meetings to provide input on actionable alternatives that will be studied through a required Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Charlotte Water anticipates the EIS development to be submitted to NC Department of Environmental Quality in 2027. Upon review and if determined adequate by the NC Environmental Management Commission, Charlotte Water will submit an official request to modify its current IBT at that point in time. Any request to modify our IBT certificate will be based on a required 30 year demand forecast and the outcome of the required EIS evaluation of alternatives and mitigation strategies.

The Division of Water Resources (DWR) provides the data contained within this Local Water Supply Plan (LWSP) as a courtesy and service to our customers. DWR staff does not field verify data. Neither DWR, nor any other party involved in the preparation of this LWSP attests that the data is completely free of errors and omissions. Furthermore, data users are cautioned that LWSPs labeled PROVISIONAL have yet to be reviewed by DWR staff. Subsequent review may result in significant revision. Questions regarding the accuracy or limitations of usage of this data should be directed to the water system and/or DWR.