The Division of Water Resources (DWR) provides the data contained within this
Local Water Supply Plan (LWSP) as a courtesy and service to our customers.
DWR staff does not field verify data. Neither DWR, nor any other party
involved in the preparation of this LWSP attests that the data is completely
free of errors and omissions. Furthermore, data users are cautioned that
LWSPs labeled PROVISIONAL have yet to be reviewed by DWR staff. Subsequent
review may result in significant revision. Questions regarding the accuracy
or limitations of usage of this data should be directed to the water system
and/or DWR.
1. System Information
Contact Information
Complete
Water System Name: |
Winston-Salem |
|
PWSID: |
02-34-010 |
Mailing Address: | 2800 River Ridge Road Pfafftown, NC 27040 | Ownership: | Municipality |
|
Contact Person: | Alan Fowler | Title: | Water Treatment Superintendent |
Phone: | 336-397-7727 | Cell/Mobile: | 704-798-2493 |
|
Secondary Contact: | Chris Triplett | | Phone: | 336-397-7728 |
Mailing Address: | 2800 River Ridge Road Pfafftown, NC 27040 | Cell/Mobile: | 704-798-2493 |
Distribution System
Line Type |
Size Range (Inches) |
Estimated % of lines |
Asbestos Cement |
6 |
0.11 % |
Cast Iron |
6-48 |
42.16 % |
Ductile Iron |
6-48 |
55.33 % |
Galvanized Iron |
2 |
0.03 % |
Other |
2-58 |
2.30 % |
Polyvinyl Chloride |
2-36 |
0.07 % |
On June 8, 2020 the WSFC Utilities Commission approved a project for a fully-automated, two-way, fixed base Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) system. The scope of the project includes the replacement of approximately 130,000 water meters. The installation portion includes the deployment of all required radio network hardware, radio endpoints, and software systems as well as software integrations, testing, training, and other support services. To date, WSFC Utilities has completed the installation of approximately 112,100 meters. Programs
The WSFC Utilities Commission has initiated an Advanced Metering Infrastructure project under which all meters will be replaced with smart devices. This project will establish a network and will outline reporting requirements for the installed system. The project was approved in 2020 and began in 2021 and will span five years to replace all existing meters with AMI capable meters, build the network and develop the reporting.
WSFC Utilities Division has a technical group dedicated to resolving system issues. The program has been developed over the last five years and expanded to improve water quality through flushing in many areas of the system. Routine flushing routes have been developed that get completed on varying frequencies. Seven auto-flushers are currently installed in our distribution system to reduce water age and improve water quality; with another six flushers planned for installation in the upcoming year. Water Conservation
WSFC Utilities Division has ample redundancy due to having three water plants (of which any two are capable of meeting routine system or emergency demands).
In addition, the Thomas Plant can treat raw waters from multiple sources. Due to our location in the region and the relatively small size of adjacent water providers, it is not feasible for our system to receive enough water from neighboring systems. WSFC Utilities can obtain ~1.0 MGD of water from Davidson Water, Inc. in an emergency. Discussions have also been on-going with Davidson Water regarding increased ability for WSFC Utilities to provide them more water during emergencies or water shortages.
2. Water Use Information
Service Area
Sub-Basin(s) | % of Service Population |
Yadkin River (18-1) | 91 % |
Roanoke River (14-1) | 6 % |
Deep River (02-2) | 2 % |
Haw River (02-1) | 1 % |
|
County(s) | % of Service Population |
Forsyth | 93 % |
Stokes | 7 % |
|
Our 2024 population served has been updated based on the 2020 Water Facilities Master Plan Projections. Water Use by Type
Type of Use |
Metered Connections |
Metered Average Use (MGD) |
Non-Metered Connections |
Non-Metered Estimated Use (MGD) |
Residential |
133,374 |
16.3400 |
6 |
0.0000 |
Commercial |
11,370 |
10.2300 |
2,333 |
0.0000 |
Industrial |
95 |
4.8500 |
236 |
0.0000 |
Institutional |
633 |
1.0600 |
165 |
0.0000 |
How much water was used for system processes (backwash, line cleaning, flushing, etc.)? 0.9600 MGD
In the WSFC Utilities System, residential and commercial meters are grouped in a single billing category. Apartments where units are metered separately are classified as residential, whereas units that are master metered are classified as commercial. Our institutional class includes government facilities.
Non-metered connections listed above include hydrant and sprinkler connections. Non-metered usage figures are not available.
Starting in 2017 calendar year, WSFC Utilities made a concerted effort to capture as much unbilled metered water as possible through newly implemented tracking measures. Due to the absence of well validated data, WSFC Utilities and the recommended AWWA default value of 1.25 percent of system supplied water for unbilled unmetered consumption. Water Sales
Purchaser |
PWSID |
Average Daily Sold (MGD) |
Days Used |
Contract |
Required to comply with water use restrictions? |
Pipe Size(s) (Inches) |
Use Type |
MGD |
Expiration |
Recurring |
City of Greensboro |
02-41-010 |
0.0000 |
0 |
3.0000 |
2032 |
Yes |
Yes |
24 |
Emergency |
City of King |
02-85-010 |
0.0000 |
0 |
3.0000 |
2030 |
Yes |
Yes |
16 |
Emergency |
Davidson Water, Inc. |
02-29-025 |
0.0049 |
366 |
1.0000 |
2030 |
Yes |
Yes |
6,2,6 |
Regular |
Stokes County Water - Sewer Au |
02-85-025 |
0.1200 |
365 |
1.0000 |
2050 |
Yes |
Yes |
6, 2 |
Regular |
Town of Stokesdale |
02-41-035 |
0.1800 |
365 |
0.5000 |
2050 |
Yes |
Yes |
12 |
Regular |
Yadkin County - East Bend |
30-99-034 |
0.0500 |
365 |
2.0000 |
2033 |
Yes |
Yes |
8 |
Regular |
In 2022, WSFC Utilities and Stokes County updated the intergovernmental agreement with an increase in allocation from 0.2 MGD to 1.0 MGD and extended the contract until 2050.
In 2023, WSFC Utilities and the Town of Stokesdale updated the intergovernmental agreement with an increase in allocation from 0.3 MGD to 0.5 MGD and extended the contract until 2050.
In 2024, WSFC Utilities and the Town of Oak Ridge signed an Interlocal Water Services Agreement to provide water at an initial allocation of 0.35 MGD for a 30-year contract term. The Town is currently pursuing infrastructure development to utilize the agreement.
WSFC Utilities has a connection with the City of King that has not been used.
3. Water Supply Sources
Monthly Withdrawals & Purchases
|
Average Daily Use (MGD) |
Max Day Use (MGD) |
|
Average Daily Use (MGD) |
Max Day Use (MGD) |
|
Average Daily Use (MGD) |
Max Day Use (MGD) |
Jan |
35.1000 |
49.1000 |
May |
37.5000 |
56.2000 |
Sep |
38.5000 |
58.8000 |
Feb |
36.6000 |
57.8000 |
Jun |
43.0000 |
54.2000 |
Oct |
41.5000 |
57.8000 |
Mar |
34.1000 |
48.5000 |
Jul |
42.9000 |
56.2000 |
Nov |
36.3000 |
42.7000 |
Apr |
38.5000 |
61.1000 |
Aug |
41.1000 |
52.8000 |
Dec |
35.6000 |
58.6000 |

Surface Water Sources
Stream |
Reservoir |
Average Daily Withdrawal |
Maximum Day Withdrawal (MGD) |
Available Raw Water Supply |
Usable On-Stream Raw Water Supply Storage (MG) |
MGD |
Days Used |
MGD |
* Qualifier |
Salem Creek |
Salem Lake |
1.9000 |
366 |
7.7000 |
10.0000 |
SY50 |
1,000.0000 |
Yadkin River @ Idols RWPS |
W. Kerr-Scott |
21.0000 |
366 |
28.9000 |
73.0000 |
F |
3,000.0000 |
Yadkin River @ Swann RWPS |
W. Kerr Scott |
15.5000 |
353 |
40.2000 |
50.0000 |
F |
3,000.0000 |
* Qualifier: C=Contract Amount, SY20=20-year Safe Yield, SY50=50-year Safe Yield, F=20% of 7Q10 or other instream flow requirement, CUA=Capacity Use Area Permit
Surface Water Sources (continued)
Stream |
Reservoir |
Drainage Area (sq mi) |
Metered? |
Sub-Basin |
County |
Year Offline |
Use Type |
Salem Creek |
Salem Lake |
64 |
Yes |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
Forsyth |
|
Regular |
Yadkin River @ Idols RWPS |
W. Kerr-Scott |
1,945 |
Yes |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
Forsyth |
|
Regular |
Yadkin River @ Swann RWPS |
W. Kerr Scott |
1,495 |
Yes |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
Forsyth |
|
Regular |
Below are the minimum flows and conditions our system must maintain in Salem Creek downstream of Salem Lake Dam.
Tier 1: From normal pool elevation 795.6 feet MSL to 794.6 feet MSL, the minimum release shall be 1.55 (one and 55 one-hundredths) CFS and water supply withdrawal is not limited.
Tier 2: From elevation 794.6 feet MSL to 793.6 feet MSL, the minimum release shall be 1.33 (one and 33 one-hundredths) CFS and the water supply withdrawal shall be reduced by at least 10% from the average daily withdrawal over the previous 60 (sixty) days.
Tier 3: Below elevation 793.6 feet MSL, the minimum release shall be 1.10 (one and one tenth) CFS and the water supply withdrawal shall be reduced by at least 20% from the average daily withdrawal over the previous 60 (sixty) days.
The City of Winston-Salem also owns the rights to the top 30 feet of storage at the W. Kerr-Scott Reservoir located in Wilkes County. This source is linked to conditions in the Yadkin River. Available withdrawal from the Yadkin River is limited to 50 MGD, on a 30 day running average, from all intakes when the flow at Idols Dam staff gauge falls below 554 CFS due to downstream discharges by the Citys Muddy Creek WWTP. During these low flow periods, withdrawals in excess of 50 MGD (on a 30 day running average) will require water supply releases from W. Kerr-Scott Reservoirs conservation pool. The additional releases, according to our permit, must equal or exceed the amount in excess of 50 MGD.
Off stream raw water storage includes: one 50 MG reservoir & one 100 MG reservoir at Swann WTP, and two 15 MG reservoirs at Neilson WTP.
Due to the geography of our service area we transfer water to the Haw and Roanoke basins. This is limited mostly to residential customers that purchase our systems water but have septic systems for wastewater handling and users that have irrigation systems. Our system also occasionally sells water to Greensboro which is an interbasin transfer into the Cape Fear River Basin. Water Purchases From Other Systems
Seller |
PWSID |
Average Daily Purchased (MGD) |
Days Used |
Contract |
Required to comply with water use restrictions? |
Pipe Size(s) (Inches) |
Use Type |
MGD |
Expiration |
Recurring |
Davidson Water Company |
02-29-025 |
0.0000 |
0 |
1.0000 |
2030 |
Yes |
Yes |
6,8 |
Emergency |
Water Treatment Plants
Plant Name |
Permitted Capacity (MGD) |
Is Raw Water Metered? |
Is Finished Water Ouput Metered? |
Source |
P.W. Swann WTP |
25.0000 |
Yes |
Yes |
Yadkin River @ Swann RWPS Dam |
R. A. Thomas WTP |
18.0000 |
Yes |
Yes |
Salem Lake and/or Yadkin River via Neilson WTP |
R. W. Neilson WTP |
48.0000 |
Yes |
Yes |
Yadkin River @ Idols Dam |
The Neilson Water Treatment Plant Rehabilitation Project was bid in the spring of 2021 and a construction contract was awarded to Ulliman-Schutte Construction (USC) by the Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Utilities Commission (WSFC Utilities). Notice to proceed was issued shortly after and began mobilizing in October 2021. To date, USC has completed a substantial portion of Phase 2 (of 3) which includes the renovation of the Neilson 3 and 4 treatment trains, including the addition of a Wash water Equalization Basin and Clarifier for residuals management. It is anticipated Neilson 3 and 4 trains will be placed into service in the spring of 2025. During this phase of the project the Neilson WTP has been operating at 50% (24.0 MGD) capacity.
According to our current Master Plan, which includes predictions through 2045, we do not anticipate exceeding our three water plants capacity during the next 10 years (or during the period of our master planning horizon).
4. Wastewater Information
Monthly Discharges
|
Average Daily Discharge (MGD) |
|
Average Daily Discharge (MGD) |
|
Average Daily Discharge (MGD) |
Jan |
42.9725 |
May |
36.3792 |
Sep |
35.7871 |
Feb |
37.7629 |
Jun |
31.7533 |
Oct |
32.6967 |
Mar |
39.6630 |
Jul |
31.7940 |
Nov |
31.5951 |
Apr |
35.1660 |
Aug |
38.7846 |
Dec |
34.0060 |

in 2023, there was a major explosion at our Biosolids Drying Facility due to a natural gas leak, located at the Archie Elledge Wastewater Facility. As a result, the facility will be out of service in the years to come and all residuals are being transported to the Hanes Mill Landfill for disposal. Wastewater Permits
Permit Number |
Type |
Permitted Capacity (MGD) |
Design Capacity (MGD) |
Average Annual Daily Discharge (MGD) |
Maximum Day Discharge (MGD) |
Receiving Stream |
Receiving Basin |
NC0037834 |
WWTP |
30.0000 |
60.0000 |
21.0900 |
60.0000 |
Salem Creek |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
NC0050342 |
WWTP |
21.0000 |
43.0000 |
13.7300 |
54.9000 |
Yadkin River |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
NC0086011 |
WTP |
48.0000 |
48.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Unnamed Trib. to Muddy Creek |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
NCG590003 |
WTP |
25.0000 |
25.0000 |
0.4486 |
2.2100 |
Tributary of Bashavia Creek |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
NCG590044 |
WTP |
18.0000 |
18.0000 |
0.3000 |
1.7600 |
Unnamed trib to Salem Creek |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
WQ0029804 |
WWTP |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Land App of Class A Biosolids |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
WQ0031314 |
WTP |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Land App WTP Residuals |
Yadkin River (18-1) |
The Neilson WTP NC0086011 has been an active permit since issued, however, the plant currently does not discharge (all the wash water is currently recycled back to the raw water reservoirs). As part of the scope of Neilson Modernization Project a wash water equalization basin and clarifier have been constructed in 2023 for residuals management. Initial startup of the waste treatment equipment is anticipated in the spring of 2025 at which time the associated permit will become active.
Thomas WTP (formerly NC0079821) applied and received a new General Permit (NCG590044) in 2024.
Permits WQ0029804 and WQ0031314 are Land Application Permits for Class A Residuals for the wastewater biosolids facility and water treatment facilities, respectively. Wastewater Interconnections
Water System |
PWSID |
Type |
Average Daily Amount |
Contract Maximum (MGD) |
MGD |
Days Used |
City of King |
02-85-010 |
Receiving |
0.5700 |
365 |
3.0000 |
Davidson Water |
02-29-025 |
Receiving |
0.1800 |
365 |
1.5000 |
Davie County |
02-30-015 |
Receiving |
0.5000 |
365 |
5.0000 |
WSFC Utilities has increased the sewer allocation for the City of King from 0.97 MGD to 3.0 MGD.
5. Planning
Projections
|
2024 |
2030 |
2040 |
2050 |
2060 |
2070 |
Year-Round Population |
388,060 |
401,000 |
453,000 |
505,000 |
557,000 |
629,410 |
Seasonal Population |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Residential |
16.3400 |
19.3170 |
20.8380 |
22.7250 |
25.0650 |
27.5715 |
Commercial |
10.2300 |
11.2300 |
12.6800 |
14.1400 |
15.6000 |
17.1600 |
Industrial |
4.8500 |
8.0200 |
9.0600 |
10.1000 |
11.1400 |
12.2540 |
Institutional |
1.0600 |
1.4890 |
1.6060 |
1.7510 |
1.9310 |
2.1241 |
System Process |
0.9600 |
2.2000 |
2.4000 |
2.6000 |
2.8000 |
3.0800 |
Unaccounted-for |
4.0556 |
5.1184 |
5.6426 |
6.2158 |
6.8481 |
7.5329 |
Demand v/s Percent of Supply
|
2024 |
2030 |
2040 |
2050 |
2060 |
2070 |
Surface Water Supply |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
Ground Water Supply |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Purchases |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Future Supplies |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Total Available Supply (MGD) |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
133.0000 |
Service Area Demand |
37.4956 |
47.3744 |
52.2266 |
57.5318 |
63.3841 |
69.7225 |
Sales |
0.3539 |
4.5000 |
4.5000 |
4.5000 |
4.5000 |
4.5000 |
Future Sales |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
0.0000 |
Total Demand (MGD) |
37.8495 |
51.8744 |
56.7266 |
62.0318 |
67.8841 |
74.2225 |
Demand as Percent of Supply |
28% |
39% |
43% |
47% |
51% |
56% |

The purpose of the above chart is to show a general indication of how the long-term per capita water demand changes over time. The per capita water demand may actually be different than indicated due to seasonal populations and the accuracy of data submitted. Water systems that have calculated long-term per capita water demand based on a methodology that produces different results may submit their information in the notes field.
Your long-term water demand is 42 gallons per capita per day. What demand management practices do you plan to implement to reduce the per capita water demand (i.e. conduct regular water audits, implement a plumbing retrofit program, employ practices such as rainwater harvesting or reclaimed water)? If these practices are covered elsewhere in your plan, indicate where the practices are discussed here.
No Changes
Are there other demand management practices you will implement to reduce your future supply needs? According to our current projections our system has sufficient capacity into the foreseeable future. We are participating in regional planning efforts as outlined below to develop basin wide tools to assist our system in developing long term plans to meet our community's needs.
What supplies other than the ones listed in future supplies are being considered to meet your future supply needs? Our system is an active member of the Yadkin Pee Dee Water Management Group (YPDWMG). This group is a consortium of water systems and reservoir operators that draw from the Yadkin Pee Dee River watershed or have a vested interest through interbasin transfers in its long term viability. As part of an active Water Resources Plan, the YPDWMG has completed long term demand projections, developed a communications plan, formed a Stakeholder Advisory Group and identified approximately 13 long term planning scenarios to evaluate. The YPDWMG has also partnered with NC DEQ on the development of the OASIS model. Using this model, the association has modeled for 9 different scenarios based on: climate change, agricultural predictions, policy shifts, industrial needs, and public behavioral shifts. The association plans to continue to model for future scenarios in the years to come to develop strategies to plan for and meet future demands.
How does the water system intend to implement the demand management and supply planning components above? We are participating in regional planning efforts as outlined to develop basin wide tools to assist our system in developing long term plans to meet our community's needs.
Additional Information
Has this system participated in regional water supply or water use planning? Yes, Yes, The City of Winston-Salem is an active member of the Yadkin-Pee Dee Water Management Group (YPDWMG) which was formed through a collaborative effort of 19 public water utilities and reservoir operators providing service within the Yadkin-Pee Dee Basin. The discussions began in 2015 and progressed to the formation of a formal group operating under a MOU in 2016. A 501c(3) was established for the group in 2023 allowing the association to establish permanence and pursue grants and fundings for future projects. In 2024, the group completed several tasks, including the award of a NC LWF grant, which will aide in developing a basin wide master plan ensuring the viability of our raw water resource for future generations.
YPDWMG provides a structure for regional collaboration and coordination between users of this resource and explore mutually beneficial ways to protect and develop our water supply. Regional collaboration by our water supply managers is a one step towards our goal of enhancing the welfare of Yadkin-Pee Dee residents by jointly planning for the sustainable use of water from the Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin.
What major water supply reports or studies were used for planning? -City of Winston-Salem 2018 Wastewater System Master Plan Update by Black & Veatch.
-City of Winston-Salem 2020 Water Facilities Master Plan by HDR Engineering, Inc.
-City of Winston-Salem 2022 Distribution System Master Plan by HDR Engineering, Inc
Please describe any other needs or issues regarding your water supply sources, any water system deficiencies or needed improvements (storage, treatment, etc.) or your ability to meet present and future water needs. Include both quantity and quality considerations, as well as financial, technical, managerial, permitting, and compliance issues: In 2016, WSFC Utilities started a project to upgrade the Neilson WTP. This is the third major plant upgrade project the city has embarked upon to upgrade our production facilities and position our system to meet the needs of our citizens for the next 50 years. Design for this project has been completed and the project was bid in 2021 after the city secured additional funds through the North Carolina State Revolving Funds Program. The project was awarded to the successful low bidder, Ulliman Schutte Construction Company (USC), and construction began in the summer of 2021. The construction phase of this project is anticipated to be completed in approximately 4 years.
To date, USC has completed a substantial portion of Phase 2 (of 3) which includes the renovation of the Neilson 3 and 4 treatment trains. Work completed to date includes the addition of a wash water equalization basin and clarifier for residuals management. It is anticipated Neilson 3 and 4 trains will be placed into service in the spring of 2025. During this phase of the project the Neilson Plant has been operating at 50% (24 MGD) capacity.
The Division of Water Resources (DWR) provides the data contained within this
Local Water Supply Plan (LWSP) as a courtesy and service to our customers.
DWR staff does not field verify data. Neither DWR, nor any other party
involved in the preparation of this LWSP attests that the data is completely
free of errors and omissions. Furthermore, data users are cautioned that
LWSPs labeled PROVISIONAL have yet to be reviewed by DWR staff. Subsequent
review may result in significant revision. Questions regarding the accuracy
or limitations of usage of this data should be directed to the water system
and/or DWR.
|